General note:
GAD Reference number: IT 255;
Indian Affairs' consecutive no.: 124.
Aboriginal people(s): Chippewa and Swampy Cree Tribes of Indians;
Aboriginal individual(s): Mis-koo-ke-new (Red Eagle or Henry Prince); Ka-ke-ka-penais (Bird forever, William Pennefather); Na-sha-ke-penais (Flying down Bird); Na-na-wa-nanan (Centre of Birds Tail); Ke-we-tay-ash (Flying round); Wa-ko-wush (Whippoorwill); Oo-za-we-kwun (Yellow Quill);
Other party(ies): Commissioner Wemyss M. Simpson for Queen Victoria.
Type of Document: Treaty involving extinguishment of aboriginal title and surrender of land. Docket title: "Treaty No. 1 Between Her Majesty the Queen and the Chippewas and the Crees of the Province of Manitoba and the Country Adjacent".
Specific purpose(s): Surrender of land in consideration of reserves to be laid out in proportion to 160 acres, per family of 5 plus additional land surrounding the reserve, $3.00 per person, schools etc. - See document.
Land involved: From the International border near Lake of the Woods, north through the southern portion of Lake Winnipeg and southwesterly to the International border - See document.
Form: Manuscript original.
Physical description note:
The document has two red wax seals on left edge of page one. One seal is located on a loop of narrow purple ribbon. A single piece of purple ribbon is present on page eight, probably used to bind sheets together. The remains of a red wax seal is visible on page seven, opposite Simpson's signature.
Note on the state of conservation:
The document is laminated with tissue. However, the lamination is cracked on three sheets and is torn on all sheets. There are two brown stains on page one, opposite wax seals, and there is a single brown stain on page six, also opposite a wax seal on page seven. Holes are present in all sheets and are randomly located. The document's edges are torn and pieces are missing.
Citation/reference note:
Indian Treaties and Surrenders (Coles' 1971 Reprint): Vol. I, pages 282-284.
Availability of other formats note:
This document is also available on microfilm reel T-9939.
Exhibitions note:
Exhibition title: Protecting Rights in Canada Venue: Canadian Museum for Human Rights, Winnipeg, Manitoba; 2014.09.20 - 2015.09.20 (first page only)., Exhibition Title: [Indian Treaty no. 1]. Curator: Wendy Toews, Lower Fort Garry National Historical Site, Selkirk, Manitoba; 1996.10.01 - 1996.10.30 (Western Treaty No. 1 - IT 255 RG 10, vol.1846).
Related material:
IT 256 - "Outside Promises", IT 257 - Selkirk Treaty, IT 258 - Map (c.1817), IT 259 - Map (c.1871), IT 260 - Amendments 1875, IT 261 - Amendments 1875, IT 262 - Amendments 1875